{"id":168,"date":"2017-06-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-06-07T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/2026\/04\/06\/instantni-kava-historie\/"},"modified":"2026-08-27T09:32:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-27T07:32:17","slug":"instantni-kava-historie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/blog\/instantni-kava-historie\/","title":{"rendered":"Instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va: Od roku 1901 do dne\u0161ka \u2013 Pr\u016fvodce kvalitou"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
Shrnut\u00ed<\/div>\n

Z\u00e1klady instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy sahaj\u00ed na p\u0159elom 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed, ale masov\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch p\u0159i\u0161el a\u017e s Nescaf\u00e9 v roce 1938. Modern\u00ed v\u00fdroba \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 lyofilizaci (su\u0161en\u00ed mrazem), kter\u00e1 podle v\u00fdrobc\u016f i odborn\u00e9 literatury zpravidla l\u00e9pe zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00ed chu\u0165 a aroma ne\u017e star\u0161\u00ed metoda sprejov\u00e9ho su\u0161en\u00ed. Dnes existuj\u00ed i chu\u0165ov\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 instantn\u00ed varianty z v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00fdch k\u00e1v.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Instantn\u00ed (rozpustn\u00e1) k\u00e1va je rychl\u00e1 a praktick\u00e1 \u2013 rozpust\u00ed se v hork\u00e9 vod\u011b b\u011bhem chv\u00edle. P\u0159esto\u017ee ji mnoz\u00ed nad\u0161enci do v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00e9 k\u00e1vy nepova\u017euj\u00ed za rovnocennou, modern\u00ed instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy z pr\u00e9miov\u00fdch zna\u010dek mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b chutn\u00e9 a jejich v\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologie se neust\u00e1le zlep\u0161uj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 historie instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy<\/h2>\n

Jak vznikla instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va?<\/h3>\n

Princip rozpustn\u00e9 k\u00e1vy se rodil na p\u0159elomu 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed. Jeden z prvn\u00edch patent\u016f na proces su\u0161en\u00ed k\u00e1vy z\u00edskal u\u017e v roce 1890 David Strang na Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu. \u0160ir\u0161\u00ed pozornost ale vzbudil japonsk\u00fd chemik Satori Kato<\/strong>, kter\u00fd v roce 1901 na Panamerick\u00e9 v\u00fdstav\u011b v Buffalu p\u0159edstavil rozpustnou k\u00e1vu v pr\u00e1\u0161ku. Komer\u010dn\u011b tehdy jeho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed neprorazilo, polo\u017eilo v\u0161ak z\u00e1klady pro pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj.<\/p>\n

1938 \u2013 Nescaf\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed historii<\/h3>\n

\u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Nestl\u00e9<\/strong> uvedla v roce 1938 zna\u010dku Nescaf\u00e9. V\u00fdvoj (v jeho\u017e \u010dele st\u00e1l Max Morgenthaler) reagoval na obrovsk\u00e9 p\u0159ebytky brazilsk\u00e9 k\u00e1vy z po\u010d\u00e1tku 30. let; historick\u00e9 zdroje se li\u0161\u00ed v tom, zda podn\u011bt p\u0159i\u0161el p\u0159\u00edmo od brazilsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f, nebo od obchodn\u00edch partner\u016f spravuj\u00edc\u00edch tyto z\u00e1soby. Nescaf\u00e9 nebylo \u00fapln\u011b prvn\u00ed rozpustnou k\u00e1vou na trhu \u2013 komer\u010dn\u011b se instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va prod\u00e1vala u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve (nap\u0159\u00edklad produkt George Washingtona od roku 1910) \u2013 podle v\u011bt\u0161iny historick\u00fdch pramen\u016f se v\u0161ak stalo prvn\u00ed rozpustnou k\u00e1vou s trval\u00fdm masov\u00fdm roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm. Popularitu upevnila zejm\u00e9na za druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kdy byla pro voj\u00e1ky praktick\u00e1 a trvanliv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Jak se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va? (Procesy su\u0161en\u00ed)<\/h2>\n

V\u017edy se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 klasick\u00fdm upra\u017een\u00edm zrn a uva\u0159en\u00edm siln\u00e9 k\u00e1vy. Tato tekutina se n\u00e1sledn\u011b dehydratuje dv\u011bma hlavn\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby:<\/p>\n

1. Sprejov\u00e9 su\u0161en\u00ed (Spray Drying)<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Postup:<\/strong> K\u00e1vov\u00fd koncentr\u00e1t se pod tlakem rozpra\u0161uje do hork\u00e9ho vzduchov\u00e9ho kan\u00e1lu.<\/li>\n
  • V\u00fdsledek:<\/strong> Kapi\u010dky vody se rychle odpa\u0159\u00ed a na dno dopadne jemn\u00fd k\u00e1vov\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek.<\/li>\n
  • V\u00fdhody:<\/strong> Rychl\u00fd, efektivn\u00ed a levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed proces umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed velkoobjemovou v\u00fdrobu.<\/li>\n
  • Nev\u00fdhody:<\/strong> Kv\u016fli vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti aromatick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, chu\u0165 proto b\u00fdv\u00e1 plo\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  • Pou\u017eit\u00ed:<\/strong> Zpravidla levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy v supermarketech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. Lyofilizace (Freeze Drying \/ Su\u0161en\u00ed mrazem)<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Postup:<\/strong> K\u00e1vov\u00fd koncentr\u00e1t se zmraz\u00ed (obvykle hluboko pod bod mrazu) a pot\u00e9 se ve vakuov\u00e9 komo\u0159e vysu\u0161uje. Led sublimuje (m\u011bn\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edmo na plyn), \u010d\u00edm\u017e zanech\u00e1 k\u00e1vov\u00e9 krystalky.<\/li>\n
    • V\u00fdhody:<\/strong> D\u00edky \u0161etrn\u00e9mu su\u0161en\u00ed bez dal\u0161\u00ed vysok\u00e9 teploty si k\u00e1va zpravidla l\u00e9pe zachov\u00e1 chu\u0165ov\u00e9 nuance a p\u0159irozen\u00e9 aroma.<\/li>\n
    • Nev\u00fdhody:<\/strong> Energeticky a \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed proces.<\/li>\n
    • Pou\u017eit\u00ed:<\/strong> Pr\u00e9miov\u00e9 instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy a kvalitn\u00ed zna\u010dky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Jak si spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159ipravit instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vu?<\/h2>\n

      Jednou z \u010dast\u00fdch chyb je zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy vrouc\u00ed vodou (100 \u00b0C), kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1poj zbyte\u010dn\u011b zho\u0159knout. Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e1 teplota vody z hlediska chuti je zhruba 80\u201385 \u00b0C<\/strong>. Vodu z rychlovarn\u00e9 konvice proto po dova\u0159en\u00ed nechte chv\u00edli odst\u00e1t; pokud chcete m\u00edt teplotu jistou, m\u016f\u017eete ji ov\u011b\u0159it teplom\u011brem.<\/p>\n

      Modern\u00ed instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va \u2013 kvalita se zvy\u0161uje<\/h2>\n

      Dnes na trhu existuj\u00ed i lyofilizovan\u00e9 k\u00e1vy od pr\u00e9miov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou chu\u0165ov\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dit levnou mletou k\u00e1vu ze supermarketu. Vyplat\u00ed se hledat produkty ozna\u010den\u00e9 \u201esu\u0161en\u00e9 mrazem\u201c; nab\u00edzej\u00ed je zaveden\u00e9 zna\u010dky i modern\u00ed pra\u017e\u00edrny.<\/p>\n

      Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n

      Ot\u00e1zka: Je instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e zrnkov\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      B\u011b\u017en\u00e1 komer\u010dn\u00ed instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va nab\u00eddne zpravidla m\u00e9n\u011b chu\u0165ov\u00fdch vrstev ne\u017e \u010derstv\u011b namlet\u00e1 zrna. Kvalitn\u00ed lyofilizovan\u00e1 k\u00e1va je nicm\u00e9n\u011b chutn\u00fd n\u00e1poj pro situace, kdy nem\u00e1te \u010das nebo vybaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n

      Ot\u00e1zka: Jak pozn\u00e1m kvalitn\u00ed instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Na obalu hledejte n\u00e1pis \u201efreeze-dried\u201c nebo \u201esu\u0161eno mrazem\u201c. Lyofilizovan\u00e1 k\u00e1va m\u00edv\u00e1 tvar v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch, nepravideln\u00fdch krystalk\u016f, zat\u00edmco sprejov\u011b su\u0161en\u00e1 k\u00e1va vypad\u00e1 jako jemn\u00fd prach.<\/p>\n

      Ot\u00e1zka: Jak dlouho se d\u00e1 uchov\u00e1vat instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Pom\u011brn\u011b dlouho. Uchov\u00e1vejte ji v hermeticky uzav\u0159en\u00fdch obalech, v suchu a mimo p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 sv\u011btlo. V\u017edy se \u0159i\u010fte datem trvanlivosti uveden\u00fdm na obalu konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho produktu; spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 skladov\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zachovat chu\u0165 a aroma po celou dobu trvanlivosti.<\/p>\n

      Ot\u00e1zka: Obsahuje instantn\u00ed k\u00e1va kofein?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Ano \u2013 kofein je p\u0159irozen\u00e1 slo\u017eka k\u00e1vy. Obsah kofeinu u instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy se orienta\u010dn\u011b pohybuje kolem 60\u201380 mg na \u0161\u00e1lek (medi\u00e1n podle datab\u00e1ze USDA je zhruba 62\u201366 mg); konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hodnota z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zna\u010dce a d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Shrnut\u00ed Z\u00e1klady instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vy sahaj\u00ed na p\u0159elom 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed, ale masov\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch p\u0159i\u0161el a\u017e s Nescaf\u00e9 v […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":167,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-druhy-a-vyber-kavy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":676,"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168\/revisions\/676"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kafone.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}